| Deuterostomia (a1)>Chordata(a2)> |
| NOTOCHORD |
| 14. CEPHALOCHORDATA (a3): |
| lancelets, pikaians |
| 15. TURNICATA (a3) |
| Vertebrata (a3)> |
| BACKBONE |
| 16. AGNATHA (b1): jawless fish (extinct): conodonts, galeaspids, haikouella, |
| myllokunmingia, osteostracans, pituriaspids, pteraspidomorphs |
| 17. CYCLOSTOMATA (b1) |
| jawless fish: hagfish, lampreys, |
| 18. GNATHOSTOMATA (a4)> |
| jawed vertebrates |
| Acanthodii (b2): spiny ‘sharks’ |
| Chondrichthyes (b2) cartilaginous fish: |
| chimaeras, dogfish, rays, sawfish, sharks, |
| Placodermi (b2): armoured fish (extinct) |
| 19. OSTEICHTHYES (b1)> |
| bony fish |
| Actinopterygii (b2): ray-finned fish: |
| anchovies, barracudas, bichirs, bowfins, catfish, carp, catfish, characins, cod, eels, flatfish, flyingfish, gars, graylings, groupers, herrings, knifefish, loaches, mackerels, milkfish, minnows, mullets, paddlefish, pencil fish, pikes, piranhas, reedfish, salmon, sardines, seahorses, shads, soles, sticklebacks, sturgeon, swordfish, tetras, trout, trout-perch, tuna, turbots. |
| Sarcopterygii (b2): lobe-finned fish: |
| coelacanths, lungfish |
| Tetrapoda (b1)> |
| four-limbed vertebrates |
| 20. AMPHIBIA (b2)> |
| Labyrinthodontia (b3): temnospondyls |
| Lissamphibia (b3): caecilians, newts, frogs, salamanders, toads |
| 21. AVES (b2) |
| flightless birds: cassowaries, emus, kiwis, moas, ostriches, penguins, rheas |
| gamebirds: chickens, grouse, guineafowl, partridges, pheasants, turkeys |
| nocturnal birds: nighthawks, nightjars, oilbirds, owls |
| perching birds: birds-of-paradise, blackbirds, crows, gnatcatchers, jackdaws, jays, larks, mockingbirds, magpies, nuthatches, ravens, rooks, treecreepers, sparrows, starlings, |
| swallows, thrushes, wagtails, wrens |
| raptors (birds of prey): caracaras, condors, eagles, falcons, harrier-hawks, harriers, hawks, kites, ospreys, secretarybirds, vultures |
| seabirds: albatrosses, auks, guillemots, |
| gull family, kittiwakes, petrels, puffins, |
| razorbills, seagulls, skuas, shearwaters, |
| skimmers |
| tropical birds: budgerigars, cockatoos, corellas, hornbills, keas, lorikeets, parrots, toucans |
| shoreline birds: curlews, herons, plovers, |
| sandpipers, storks, terns |
| waterfowl: ducks, magpie geese, mallards, |
| geese, screamers, swans |
| 22. REPTILIA (b2)> |
| Crocodilia (c2): alligators, crocodiles |
| Squamata (c2): lizards, snakes |
| Testudines (c2): tortoises, turtles |
| 23. SAUROPSIDA (b2) |
| Dinosauria (c1): Apatosaurus, |
| Archaeopteryx, Brachiosaurus, Caudipteryx, Diplodocus, Iguanodon, Stegosaurus, |
| Triceratops |
| 24. SYNAPSIDA (b2)> |
| Pelycosauria (c2): anteosaurs, cynodonts, Dimetrodon |
| Mammalia (b2)> |
| NEOCORTEX |
| Prototheria (b3)> |
| 25 AUSTRALOSPHENIDA (b4)> |
| Monotremata (c2): echidnas, platypodes |
| Theriiformes (b3)> |
| 26. MULTITUBERCULATA (c2)> |
| Theria (b3)> |
| 27. CIMOLESTA (c2) |
| 28. MARSUPIALIA (b4)> |
| Ameridelphia (c1): opossums, |
| shrew opossums |
| Australidelphia (c1): kangaroos, koalas, |
| possums, Tasmanian devils, wallabies, |
| wombats |
| Placentalia (b4)> |
| 29. AFROTHERIA (c1)> |
| Afrosoricida (c2): golden moles, tenrecs |
| Hyracoidea (c2): hyraxes |
| Macroscelidea (c2): elephant shrews |
| Proboscidea (c2): elephants: |
| Sirenia (c2): dugongs, manatees |
| Tubulidentata (c2): aardvarks |
| 30. XENARTHRA (c1)> |
| Cingulata (c2): armadillos |
| Pilosa (c2): anteaters, sloths |
| Laurasiatheria (c1)> |
| 31. ARTIODACTYLA (c2)> |
| even-toed ungulates: |
| Ruminantia (c3): antelopes, bison, buffalos, |
| cattle, deer, duikers, giraffes, goat-antelopes, gazelles, goats, impalas, mouse-deer, okapis, sheep, wildebeests |
| Suina (c3): boars, hogs, pigs, peccaries, |
| warthogs |
| Tylopoda (c3): alpacas, camels, dromedaries, llamas |
| Whippomorpha (c3): dolphins, hippopotamuses, whales. |
| 32. CARNIVORA (c2)> |
| Canidae (d2): dogs, grey wolves |
| Felidae (d2): cats, leopards, lions, jaguars, panthers, tigers, wildcats |
| Herpestidae (d2): mongooses |
| Arctoidea (c4): bears, seals, walruses |
| 33. CHIROPTERA (c2): bats |
| 34. CONDYLARTHRA (c2) |
| 35. CREODONTA (c2) |
| 36. DINOCERATA (c2) |
| 37. EULIPOTYPHLA (c2): hedgehogs, |
| gymnures, moles, shrews |
| 38. MESONYCHIA (c2) |
| 39. PERISSODACTYLA (c2)> |
| odd-toed ungulates: |
| Ceratomorpha (c3): rhinoceroses, tapirs |
| Hippomorpha (c3): asses, horses, zebras |
| 40. PHOLIDOTA (c2): pangolins |
| Euarchontoglires (c1)> |
| 41. DERMOPTERA (c2): colugos |
| 42. LAGOMORPHA (c2): hares, pikas, |
| rabbits |
| 43. PLESIADAPIFORMES (c2) |
| 44. PRIMATES (c2)> |
| Haplorhini (c3): tarsiers |
| Platyrrhini (c5): New World monkeys |
| Cercopithecoidea (d1): Old World monkeys |
| Hylobatidae (d2): gibbons |
| Hominidae (d2): australopithecines, |
| chimpanzees, gorillas,great apes, humans, orangutans |
| Strepsirrhini (c3): galagos, lemurs, lorises |
| 45. RODENTIA (c2) |
| Castorimorpha (c3): beavers, gophers |
| Hystricomorpha (c3): guinea pigs |
| Arvicolinae (d3): lemmings, muskrats, voles |
| Muridae (d2): gerbils, mice, rats |
| Sciuromorpha (c3): dormice, squirrels |
| 46. SCANDENTIA (c2): treeshrews |
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