| 1616 Valle identified the remains of Babylon |
| 1626-97 Aubrey: Monumenta Britannica (1982) |
| 1650 Ussher: Annals of the World |
| 1656 Dugdale: Antiquities of Warwickshire |
| 1709 Finds discovered at Herculaneum |
| 1724 Stukeley: Itinerarium Curiosum |
| 1748 Digging began at Pompeii |
| 1750 Weber organized excavations at Herculaneum andPompeii |
| 1764 Winckelmann: History of the art of antiquity |
| 1765-1845 Jouannet concluded that there had been two Stone Ages |
| 1768-79 Cook makes three voyages of exploration in the Pacific |
| 1769-1832 Cuvier established extinction as a fact |
| 1773-1829 Young began decipherment of Egyptian hieroglyphics |
| 1785 Wilkins published translation of Bhagavad-Gita |
| 1784 Jefferson excavated an Indian burial ground in Virginia |
| 1785 Hutton: Theory of the Earth |
| 1786 Beauchamp carried out the first known excavations at Babylon |
| 1787-1821 Rich made surveys of Babylon and Nineveh |
| 1797 Frere identified Old Stone Age tools associated with remains of large extinct |
| animals |
| 1799 Rosetta Stone discovered (near Alexandria, Egypt) |
| 1809 Lamarck: Philosophie Zoologique |
| 1812-21 Hoare and Cunnington: Ancient Wiltshire |
| 1821-85 Worsaae realized the principle of stratigraphic succession |
| 1822 Champollion published the first translation of the Rosetta Stone |
| 1825-1905 Oppert named the southern Mesopotamian cuneiform script |
| ‘Sumerian‘ |
| 1827 Tournal found human bones buried with those of extinct animals |
| 1828 Christol found human bones buried with those of extinct animals |
| 1829 MacEnery found human bones buried with those of extinct animals |
| 1830-33 Lyell: Principles of Geology |
| 1830s Rawlinson began decipherment of the Persian cuneiform inscription at |
| Bisutun |
| 1931 Marshall: Mohenjo-daro and the Indus Civilisation |
| 1832-1901 Sarzec discovered the Sumerian civilisation |
| 1836 Thomsen: Guide to Scandinavian Archaeology |
| 1836-38 Prinsep deciphered Brahmi script |
| 1838-1843 Nilsson: The Primitive Inhabitants of the Scandinavian North |
| 1840s Botta excavated at Khorsabad and Nineveh |
| 1848 Squier/Edwin: Ancient Monuments of the Mississippi Valley |
| 1849-53 Layard: Illustrations of the Monuments of Nineveh |
| 1840 Agassiz: Etude sur les glaciers |
| 1841 Stephens/ Catherwood: Incidents of Travel in Central America, Chiapas and |
| Yucatan |
| 1843 Stephens and Catherwood: Incidents of Travel in Yucatan |
| 1846 Perthes found human bones buried with those of extinct animals |
| 1855-1925 Koldewey excavated at Babylon |
| 1856 Homo neanderthalensis discovered in the Neander Valley |
| 1858 Pengelly found human bones buried with those of extinct animals |
| 1858 Falconer, Prestwich, Lyell and Evans confirmed Perthes’ observations |
| 1859 Darwin: Origin of the Species |
| 1860 Lartet excavated at Aurignac (France) |
| 1863 Lartet and Christy discovered engraving of woolly mammoth |
| 1863 Lartet and Christy explored La Madeleine rockshelter (France) |
| 1865 Lubbock: Prehistoric Times |
| 1866 Henry Testot-Ferry* discovered the Solutre site (France) |
| 1866 Bailleau* attracted attention to Chatelperron |
| 1868 Cro-Magnon found in Dordogne (France) |
| 1871 Tylor: Primitive Culture |
| 1871 Schliemann began excavation at Hissarlik (Troy) |
| 1871 Cunningham: Ancient Geography of India |
| 1871-1937 Grafton Elliot Smith a proponent of hyperdiffusionism |
| 1873.05 George Smith recovered fragment of Epic of Gilgamesh |
| 1876 Fergusson: History of Indian and Eastern Architecture |
| 1877 Morgan: Ancient Society |
| 1879 Stone Age painting discovered at Altamira, Spain |
| 1880 Petrie began his excavations in Egypt |
| 1880 Fergusson and Burgess: Cave Temples of India |
| 1882 Geer discovered annual sedimentary layers (varves) |
| 1883 Mortillet: Le prehistorique antiquite de l’homme |
| 1887-98 Pitt-Rivers: Excavations on Cranborne Chase |
| 1891 Dubois discovered ‘Java Man’ (Homo erectus) |
| 1892 Uhle: The Ruins of Tiahuanaco in the Highlands of Ancient Peru |
| 1895 Engravings found on a cave wall at La Mouthe (France) |
| 1900 Arthur Evans began excavation at Knossos (Crete) |
| 1900-30 Stein led four expeditions through western China and Khotan |
| 1901 Douglass devised the theory of dendrochronology |
| 1901-08 Penck and Bruckner produced a chronology of the four major ice |
| advances in the Alps |
| 1901 antiquity of the paintings at Font de Gaume was recognized |
| 1906 Bernard Brunhes discovered geomagnetic reversal* |
| 1906 Richard Oldham identified that the Earth has a central core* |
| 1907 Bertram Boltwood working with Rutherford showed that some terrestrial |
| rocks are 410 to 2200 million years old* |
| 1907 Homo heidelbergensis discovered near Heidelberg (Germany) |
| 1909 Homo neanderthalensis at Le Moustier (France) |
| 1911 Clactonian industry discovered in England |
| 1911 Hiram Bingham announced the discovery of Machu Picchu* |
| 1911 Piltdown skull hoax* |
| 1912 Wegener developed the theory of continental drift |
| 1914-18 Crawford developed technique of aerial surveying* |
| 1915-29 Kidder excavated a prehistoric pueblo at Pecos near Santa Fe |
| 1922 Woolley began excavation at Ur |
| 1922.11.05 Carter found tomb of Tutankhamun in Egypt |
| 1923-27 First excavations of ‘Peking Man‘ site at Choukoutien |
| 1925 Childe: The Dawn of European Civilisation |
| 1925 Dart found the ‘Taung Child’ in South Africa, dated at 3-2 mya |
| 1930 Excavation at La Gravette rockshelter (France) |
| 1935 Swanscombe Man (Homo heidelbergensis) discovered in Kent |
| 1936 Broom excavated an adult Australopithecine at Sterkfontein |
| 1936 Excavation at Mesolithic cemetery at Oleneostrovski Mogilnik |
| 1938 Broom found Paranthropus robustus in southern Africa |
| 1939 Anglo-Saxon ship-burial treasure found at Sutton Hoo* |
| 1944-47 Wheeler excavated Harappa, Mohenjo-daro and Arikamedu |
| 1947 First of the Dead Sea Scrolls discovered* |
| 1948 Proconsul discovered by Mary Leakey in Olduvai Gorge |
| 1952 Ventris deciphered Linear B (Mycenaean Greek) |
| 1959 Mary Leakey discovered Paranthropus boisei at Olduvai Gorge |
| 1964-78 Braidwood* excavated at Cayonu Tepesi (Turkey) |
| 1968 Paranthropus aethiopicus found in Ethiopia |
| 1970 Valentine and Moores suggested that tectonic plate movement could affect |
| climate and faunal changes |
| 1972 Richard Leakey found Homo rudolfensis near Lake Turkana |
| 1974 Johanson discovered ‘Lucy’ (Homo afarensis) |
| 1978 Mary Leakey discovered evidence of bipedalism dated 3.7 mya |
| 1978-82 Tenochtitlan excavated (Mexico City)* |
| 1984 Raup/Sepkoski: Periodicity of extinctions in the geologic past |
| 1991 Similaun Man discovered in the Tyrolean Alps |
| |
| *not mentioned in the main text |
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